How to improve your JavaScript skills
1. Truthy And Falsy
The following values are always truthy:
· “0” (a string containing zero, it’s always truthy)
· “false” (a string containing false, it’s truthy)
· { } (empty object always truthy)
· [ ] (empty array always truthy)
· Function{ } (an empty function)
The following values are always falsy:
· False
· 0 (zero)
· ‘ ‘ (empty)
· Null
· Undefined
· NaN
2. What is a Null and Undefined?
Null and undefined both are data types of JavaScript
Null: as an assignment value that means it’s blank.
Undefined: is a variable that has been declared but it’s not assigned a value.
3. Difference between triple (===) equal vs double (==) equal.
The double equals operator compares the valus and returens the true or false.
Example:
Console.log( null == undefined) / return true
Console.log( null == NaN ) /return false
The triple equal operator not only check the values but alsp check the type of variable. If the values are not the same type it returns flase.
Example:
Console.log( 2 === 2 ) / return true
Console.log( 2 === ‘2’ ) /return false
4. JavaScript Scope
There are two type of scope
1. Function scope: when you declare variable in the function, the result get if you call function name. You can’t access the variable outside the variable.
Example:
function foo(){
var fruit =’apple’;
console.log(‘inside function: ‘,fruit);
}
foo(); //inside function: apple
console.log(fruit); //error: fruit is not defined
2. Block function: a block scope function is the area within if, switch condition. Whenever you see curly brackers{}, it is a block. In ES6, let and const are allow to declare varable in the block scope but var not allow in block scope.
Example:
function foo(){
if(true){
var fruit1 = ‘apple’; //exist in function scope
const fruit2 = ‘banana’; //exist in block scope
let fruit3 = ‘strawberry’; //exist in block scope
}
console.log(fruit1);
console.log(fruit2);
console.log(fruit3);
}
foo();
//result:
//apple
//error: fruit2 is not defined
//error: fruit3 is not defined
5. Difference between call(), apply() and bind()
Call( ) : the call() method function with a given ‘this’ value and arguments provided one by one.
For example:
Var friend1 = {firstName: ‘Boni’, lastName: ‘islam’}
Var friend2 = {firstName: ‘Hafiz’, lastName: ‘ali’}
Function invite(greeting1, greeting2){
Console.log(greenting1 + ‘ ‘ + this.firstName + ‘ ‘ + this.lastName + greeting2)
}
Invite.call(friend1, ‘hey’ ‘what’s up?’)
Result = hey boni islam, what’s up?
Invite.call(friend2, ‘hey’ ‘what’s up?’)
Result = hey hafiz, what’s up?
Apply() : apply function allow to pass the arguments in an array.
For example:
Var friend1 = {firstName: ‘Boni’, lastName: ‘islam’}
Var friend2 = {firstName: ‘Hafiz’, lastName: ‘ali’}
Function invite(greeting1, greeting2){
Console.log(greenting1 + ‘ ‘ + this.firstName + ‘ ‘ + this.lastName + greeting2)
}
Invite.call(friend1, [ ‘hey’ ‘what’s up?’ ] )
Result = hey boni islam, what’s up?
Invite.call(friend2, [ ‘hey’ ‘what’s up?’] )
Result = hey hafiz, what’s up?
Bind() : return a new function, allowing you to pass in array and any number of arguments
For example:
Var friend1 = {firstName: ‘Boni’, lastName: ‘islam’}
Var friend2 = {firstName: ‘Hafiz’, lastName: ‘ali’}
Function invite(greeting1, greeting2){
Console.log(greenting1 + ‘ ‘ + this.firstName + ‘ ‘ + this.lastName + greeting2)
}
Var inviteFrined1 = invite.bind(friend1)
Var inviteFrined2 = invite.bind(friend2)
inviteFrined1 (‘hey’ ‘what’s up?’)
Result = hey boni islam, what’s up?
nviteFrined2 (‘hey’ ‘what’s up?’)
Result = hey hafiz, what’s up?
6. Global scope and global variable
Global scope refers to all variable declare in js file that are not inside any function. These variable are access anywhere in the js file.
For example:
var carName = “Volvo”;
// code here can use carName
function myFunction() {
// code here can also use carName
}
7. What is ‘this’ keyword in JavaScript?
‘this’ keyword refers to an object that object which is executing the current bit of JavaScript code.
Example:
var obj1 = { name: “Pulsar”, bike: bike };
var obj2 = { name: “Gixxer”, bike: bike };
function bike() {
console.log(this.name);
}
8. JavaScript timing events
Javascript can be executein time-interval, this is called timing events.
There are two method of timing events:
1.setTimeOut
The syntax:
let timerId = setTimeout(function, [delay])
function sayHi() {
alert(‘Hello’);
}
setTimeout(sayHi, 1000);
2.setInterVal
The syntax:
let timerId = setInterval(function, [delay])
9. Find the largest element in array
var array = [3 , 6, 2, 56, 32, 5, 89, 32];
var largest= 0;
for (i=0; i<=largest;i++){
if (array>largest) {
var largest=array[i];
}
}
console.log(largest);
10. JavaScript Arrow function
Arrow function is using in lieu of function(). Arrow function is a ES6 related function.
For example arrow function:
const friends = [
{
Name: “Boni”,
Profession: “Marketer”,
Age: 22
},
{
Name: “Hafiz”,
Profession: “Web Developer”,
Age: 23
},
{
Name: “Monir”,
Profession: “Banker”,
Age: 21
}
]
const friendsLength = friends.map(friend => friend.length)
console.log(friendsLength)
Output result = 3
